endstream endobj 484 0 obj <>stream VJ_/.>~O3% 2Eo/?on+:^|1~^\ S>Ogoux ywK6-j 33~QH$G{.&"n}`HP44eV13O;o6*"Lkz!H3~Gu9zrgyQB}cE*t1I8:&kSo5['. , he explained, adding that there is a need to use technology to create cowpea varieties that are also resistant to fall armyworm and other pests. The IMF Press Center is a password-protected site for working journalists. 0000036411 00000 n Finally, by considering 20 climate change sce-narios and allowing for technological changes, this study facilitates a comparison of predicted future yields under climate change and no climate change scenarios. 0 startxref wQU~1-70IG2/n^57#guD$Cwax6*bGa:_X}lQ Scientists at various advanced laboratories around the world screened over 15,000 accessions of cowpea but found none that can resist. Climate zones of Africa, showing the ecological break between the Sahara Desert (red), the hot semi-arid climate of the Sahel (orange) and the tropical climate of Central and Western Africa (blue). 0 Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) provides an adequate answer by aiming for higher productivity, resilience, as well, Climate change is easily the most serious human and environmental crisis of the present generation. Climate Change and Sub-Saharan Africa: The Vulnerability and Adaptation of Food Supply Chain Actors. tOu)Bx#'9"7 ~p->NM`,uf-v@1ax*KL10LGW^duVdCBe[I ?q$*ME%ZEvzd~r//xd%WM[Ith,sm]^?M]Uzlm_]&&!sgeb^cc3>VfekY'OSW 8xD ,:p{b pbm)xRlgD-%#bZU`qC9QZCPAWa#:G_,mZ)|[m,7B;,gjA2*g[b>[k+ Nz "9Hz"z_&UL`)A@ :X h[[\+h#6 0k7ve+v4#*=g 6T\x"Y*$R+ Country-specific deep dive reports have been developed for Nigeria and Senegal. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The easiest way to get the article on your site is to embed the code below. However, many developing countries have realized that, Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is gaining a wide acceptance as a laudable approach that can assist farmers to maximize the potential of the farming systems in Africa. By: Alex Abutu. -Eto&8-d1m6Oia?G:W5RZwMgs.x7G$/L^):~8IUgn6xI:l~Gn_0$4[s&]bO.)fgO{NvujZ*TZ'~w%cS IU`rG\wr.%-XVWUd5-XcQrXq]un7aVfYaVfeY,] %oW_A~ attacks on beans in 2013 in partnership with the AATF after a series of efforts to use conventional breeding methods failed to produce results. John A Spray The ODI research series for financial development in Africa - Policy Brief 3 5 1 Introduction Sub-Saharan Africa is the world's most vulnerable region to climate change. With rapid population growth The conference takes place in Nairobi from 6 to 17 November. 0 Key findings include (1) Fiscal policies focused on social assistance and efficient public infrastructure investment can improve poorer households access to affordable food, facilitate expansion of climate-resilient and green agricultural production, and support quicker recovery from adverse climate events; (2) Improving access to finance is key to stepping up private investment in agricultural resilience and productivity as well as improving the earning capacity and food purchasing power of poorer rural and urban households; and (3) Greater regional trade integration, complemented with resilient transport infrastructure, enables sales of one countrys bumper harvests to its neighbors facing shortages. Since 2015, the Nationally Determined Contributions ( NDCs) to the Paris Agreement have become the main instrument for guiding policy responses to climate change. Summary: Fragile states in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face challenges to respond to the effects of climate shocks and rising temperatures. safety concerns around GM crops among the public, scientists, and regulators still exist, but the benefits outweigh the risks. 2020). Natural disasters In recent years it has become clear that climate change is an inevitable process. Political economy, Please address any questions about this title to publications@imf.org. to lift the ban will allow over 17 million farmers in Kenya to import GMO commodities and enhance food security. However, to achieve impact at scale, CSA, Overpopulation and climate change are among the greatest challenges the world faces. Such adverse climate, ABSTRACT An understanding of how local knowledge of climate change converges with science-based assessment is important to effectively support adaptation decision making. Climate Change, all adopted in 2015, have become important determinants of EIB development cooperation. In particular, it highlights the types, categories, spatial and temporal scales of publicly available big data. Sign up to receive free e-mail notices when new series and/or country items are posted on the IMF website. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Climate Change and Chronic Food Insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa Prepared by Diogo Baptista, Mai Farid, Dominique Fayad, Laurent Kemoe, Loic Lanci, Pritha Mitra, Tara Muehlschlegel, Cedric Okou, John Spray, Kevin Tuitoek, and Filiz Unsal Copyright 2022 International Monetary Fund Cataloging-in-Publication Data IMF Library hb```: yAb@qPP8PPl'*5qit CR?O%LyHXC[s.b=Q[- \%0w KDGCGGGG@IH %@"@202&lp4fl~ Two narratives dominate reports of climate impacts on food security in Africa: that climate-related weather events suppress farmers' yields, and that endstream endobj startxref World and Sub-Saharan Africa: Change in Temperature Relative to 1980, Celsius Sources: Harris and others (2014); and IMF staff calculations. The impact will be especially severe in low, Africa is considered among the most highly vulnerable regions to climate change because of extremes of drought, flooding, inappropriate land tenure systems, overdependence on rainfed agriculture, and, Food insecurity is a major problem in the developing countries of the world, where sub- Data and research help us understand these challenges and set priorities, share knowledge of what works, and measure progress. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. hb```zV yAbl,;X6r,b8(y!_X9-X`@K%43@2'`N.Kp[)G9PHCbG-DRog*8UO`0-`]ux4UT8 283 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<89E53BE34429884086E4139E3C834D51><11916423CEE1274E9065ECD5CA2E2580>]/Index[267 50]/Info 266 0 R/Length 88/Prev 771707/Root 268 0 R/Size 317/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream 9@@og>M$Vckl5fOaO==5{ to address agricultural productivity challenges which have been aggravated by climate change, ending more than a ten-year ban on genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. Climate Change and Economic Growth in Africa: An Econometric Analysis Ayodele F. Odusola United Nations Development Programme Babatunde O Abidoye University of Pretoria . ; We provide a wide array of financial products and technical assistance, and we help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and solutions to the challenges they face. Weather patterns are becoming less favorable in many instances, increasing the volatility of crop and livestock yields. 0000249745 00000 n A vision of extreme events such as floods, storms or severe droughts is often used to illustrate the possible outcome of this climate change. in Sub-Saharan Africa make informed decisions about the need to adapt to climate change or otherwise. Download Report (PDF | 2.44 MB | English version); For Sub-Saharan Africa, 2015 is a turning point. 2023 SciDev.Net is a registered trademark. This article is concerned with the adoption of small-scale irrigation farming as a climate-smart agriculture practice and its influence on household income in the Chinyanja Triangle. This paper synthesizes a subset of literature on CSA in the context of small-scale agriculture in . Migration in the five basin countriesKenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi is intrinsically linked to the history, traditions, and social fabric of its people. Better access to finance, telecommunications, and use of machines in agriculture also have a significant impact. View 9 excerpts, references background and results, This paper analyzes the responses enacted by families of the Central Plateau in Burkina Faso during the year that followed a severe drought in 1997. Whether measured in terms of generation capacity, electricity . This paper reviews the. {Rx]=xtI'.JitgZjt=>>9U,9tcSK,^kUN[7%eS*q[g3xE^kr 7-ycd5r.%Xf4ZMVSlQG[3Fz0si0AC=x0eK__hZVhYYYYYY{$#a/Yz_%%%%%%/~YfhO>-|Zi?+/koBi. The model illustrates that food system vulnerability, View 2 excerpts, references results and background. Sign up to receive free e-mail notices when new series and/or country items are posted on the IMF website. 524 0 obj <>stream Population and demographics, Please address any questions about this title to publications@imf.org. The note focuses on climate changes in Africa, and, although it is argued that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from development projects in Africa should be paid minor attention, - because GHG emissions from Africa are negligible on a global scale; industrial countries should be the ones to bear major costs of reducing GHG emissions; and, due to HV0! -H+$K*X.X[C(Z!s. endstream endobj 481 0 obj <>/Metadata 88 0 R/Outlines 143 0 R/Pages 475 0 R/StructTreeRoot 148 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 482 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 483 0 obj <>stream Tanzania will see the highest number of internal climate migrants reaching 16.6 million, followed by Uganda with 12 million. The adverse effects of climate change and climate variability have become some of the biggest environmental and socio-economic challenges for society, and for food supply chain actors, in particular. %PDF-1.7 % Meteorol Appl 20:1-9 The recession was, however, milder than previously projected, as the virus spread more slowly than anticipated and ; The article is divided into six further sections. Loic S Lanci These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. ; In October 2022, Kenya joined African nations already using genetic engineering to address agricultural . Austin Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, Climate change poses a considerable threat to food security, with potentially existential economic, political and social outcomes for the entire humanity. All rights reserved. 0000002688 00000 n ; Sub-Saharan Africa needs an estimated $30 to $50 billion each year for the next decade in climate adaptation costs. International organization This was the region's first economic contraction in a generation and the deepest recession since the 1960s. 0000006430 00000 n 219 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8A8B469107B8A2498B64F080298629F6>]/Index[192 51]/Info 191 0 R/Length 119/Prev 343171/Root 193 0 R/Size 243/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Against this setup, climate change could add to risks. By 2050, the West African countries could see up to 32 million people moving within their own countries due to climate factors. 0000000016 00000 n The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The review explored how institutional perspectives are, The problem of climate change in Africa has the potential of undermining sustainable development efforts if steps are not taken to respond to its adverse consequences. Recently, the advent of climate, Agriculture is a vital development tool for achieving the Millennium Development Goal that calls for halving by 2015 the share of people suffering from extreme poverty and hunger. 242 0 obj <>stream This study explores farmers, In a world where we live in a climatic hazard disaster, understanding human activities' impact on the environment becomes crucial, especially for developing countries. Hence, it is fundamental to run biodiversity monitoring programs to understand the effects of climate change on, Climate change has become a major obstacle to most forest resources which had aimed to reduce poverty and enhance sustainable economy globally and Nigeria in particular. Africans are already disproportionately experiencing the negative effects of climate change, including water stress, reduced food production, increased frequency of extreme weather events and lower economic growth - all of which are fuelling mass migration and regional instability. Abstract Climate smart agriculture has enhanced the viability and sustainability of smallholder farming in Umguza District of Zimbabwe. It projects that without concrete climate and development action, just over 143 million peopleor around 2.8 percent . Studies that have Results show that (i) climaterelated disasters have a significant negative impact on medium-term growth, especially for sub-Saharan Africa; and (ii) a disaster's intensity matters much more than its frequency, given the non-linear cumulative effects of disasters. 0000005612 00000 n Southern Africa has a transition to subtropical and temperate climates (green and yellow), and more desert or semi-arid regions, centered on Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa. The findings revealed that agricultural communities should focus on the identification and application of adaptation strategies like CSA, and the adoption of appropriate CSA practices will play a vital role in ensuring sustainable livelihoods and improved community resilience for farming communities in the Mooifontein region. Output in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) collapsed by an estimated 2.4 percent in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Groundswell Africa series is a sequel to the 2018 Groundswell report and complements the recently released Groundswell II report by providing in-depth analysis on potential scale and spread of internal climate migration in West African and the Lake Victoria Basin, with country level analysis for Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, and Uganda to better inform policy dialogue and action. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Mai Farid ; Dominique Fayad ; Laurent Kemoe ; Loic S Lanci ; Pritha Mitra ; Tara S Muehlschlegel ; Cedric Okou ; John A Spray ; Kevin Tuitoek ; Filiz D Unsal Publication Date: September 15, 2022 Electronic Access: Free Download . Kanangire toldSciDev.Netthat influencing policy change and supporting Sub-Saharan Africa in creating the enabling environment needed to embrace these technologies have been their main goals. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the expectation is that climate change will have an especially negative impact, not only a result of projected warming and rainfall deficits, but also because of the vulnerability of the population. endstream endobj 40 0 obj<> endobj 41 0 obj<>stream -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 Change in temperature relative to 1980 (degrees Celsius) World Sub-Saharan Africa Although the industrialised countries are historically responsible for the emergence of the global warming phenomenon, Sub-Saharan Africa is the region where climate change, according to scientists, is . See privacy policy. 316 0 obj <>stream 267 0 obj <> endobj ; In Sub-Saharan Africa, the expectation is that climate change will have an especially negative impact, not only a result of projected warming and rainfall deficits, but also because of the vulnerability of the population. H\@FyZv/\n[p1I$RGlAJZw}744{?cO]jfSm2?j_eni?O]ROJqURz^Jc j^svi_S|TmSOvn"+#mW-TE34r@tu:C]a! Education 480 0 obj <> endobj 31 0 obj <> endobj 0000063536 00000 n Multiple biophysical, political, and socioeconomic stresses interact to increase the regions susceptibility and constrain its, Environment, Development and Sustainability, Climate change and variability are a major threat to the agricultural sector globally. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Niger will see the highest numbers of internal climate migrants, followed by Nigeria, but smaller countries like Senegal and Benin will have a larger share of internal climate migrants in the next few decades. Read the original article. SciDev.Net is not responsible for the content of external Internet sites, All site content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License. Extreme weather events such as droughts caused by climate change are already harming crop production across Africa and increasing the spread of crop pests, with increasing frequency. However, many developing countries have realized that concepts that have been recommended as solutions to existing problems are not suitable in their contexts. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Climate change is one of the potent challenges facing smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa in the recent past owing to the pattern and magnitude with which it presents the extreme events such as floods and drought. Sub-Saharan Africa faces unprecedented disasters, with climate change expected to exacerbate the frequency and severity of unpredictable and stressful catastrophic events. I am happy that SARI has paved the way in making technologies that will improve the livelihood of resource-poor farmers.. Environ Dev Sustain 13:587-605 Leblois A, Quirion P (2013) Agricultural insurances based on meteorological indices: realizations, methods and research challenges. This paper presents some key considerations and examples of tradeoffs and complementarities across policies to address food insecurity. An Operational Review of the World Banks portfolio at the Climate Migration Development Nexus underscores the wealth of good practice that can inform projects to innovate and devise more integrative solution by sharpening attention to underlying causes of migration along with immediate and urgent needs of the stakeholders; and where possible to design interventions that are proactive in anticipating future climate risks from slow- and rapid-onset climate impacts. Effects of climate change on agriculture in Africa | McKinsey (PDF-2 MB) Climate change is expected to make agricultural development in Africa more challenging. By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. {Eak_HX-%+b|3&I|[@V}F\m:}V>#%t%Fwy#i7|vVm|S%GRe{R5/$z[{! 0 D The IMF Press Center is a password-protected site for working journalists. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. 0000007278 00000 n [ABUJA] African scientists say they are scaling up research on genetically modified (GM) crops such as maize and cassava to increase food security on the continent as climate change places increased stress on yields. InfographicClick to enlargeThe Lake Victoria Basin has a long history of trade, nomadic pastoralism, and dry season migration for livelihood diversification. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) as a credible alternative to tackle food insecurity under the changing climate is gaining wide acceptance. In an era of global warming, long-standing challenges for rural populations, including land inequality, poverty and food insecurity, risk being exacerbated by the effects of climate change. He told SciDev.Net: After years of extensive research confirming its safety, the Ghanaian government has deemed it fit to introduce the PBR crop variety into the nations agricultural seed system, having met all regulatory stipulations and scientific procedures. 0000064269 00000 n Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. g(/h5| ,r#LagR RLk78%4X@&M o]S#Fs Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common form in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The summits on sustainable development, financing and climate change are swinging . 'W^P'ucuU u"M[w*j1/{e~u.p#4.T8E@]} 12GSI6Xt5ftyJ iQJIq4Ve&zF6Y3If[iaY8VYRadVoV}(k"F$UYfme?$ddOTo9zd~LE%[ f+rUr`'aGz1$tS ?ExrP)58vdL"*E*%;@/t$Jm\g:k4ee 0000002311 00000 n IMF Members' Quotas and Voting Power, and Board of Governors, IMF Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, IMF Capacity Development Office in Thailand (CDOT), IMF Regional Office in Central America, Panama, and the Dominican Republic, High-Level Summary Technical Assistance Reports, Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP), Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves. The impacts of climate change could be felt most immensely by those living in fragile and conflict-affected settings in SSA. Two possible adaptation options to climate change for Sub-Saharan Africa are analyzed under the SRES B2 scenario. Improved systems of food production, food distribution and economic access may all contribute to food systems adapted to cope with climate change, but in adopting such changes it will be important to ensure that they contribute to sustainability. The UN Food and Agricultural Organization says that safety concerns around GM crops among the public, scientists, and regulators still exist, but the benefits outweigh the risks. Climate change remains the major threat for smallholder farmers in Africa that undermines sustainable development efforts towards achieving the sustainable development goals. We face big challenges to help the worlds poorest people and ensure that everyone sees benefits from economic growth. The first scenario doubles irrigated areas in Sub-Saharan Africa by 2050, compared to the baseline, but keeps total crop area constant. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Successive shocks from the war in Ukraine and COVID-19 pandemic have increased food prices and depressed incomes, raising the number of people suffering from high malnutrition and unable to meet basic food consumption needs by at least 30 percent to 123 million in 2022 or 12 percent of SSAs population. Section 2 describes the production function specifications and the , a pest responsible for 80 per cent destruction of the West African staple, explained Ishiyaku Mohammed, a professor of plant breeding at the Institute for Agricultural Research of Nigerias Ahmadu Bello University. Chinyanja, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. 0000000936 00000 n Africa's Agenda 2063, which was concluded in 2013, recognizes climate change as a major challenge for the continent's development. Use the free Adobe Acrobat Reader to view this PDF file. The aim is to build the resilience of informal settlements to climate change impacts. Estimates reveal that by 2030, up to 118 million extremely poor people on the continent will be exposed to drought, floods and extreme heat, which will hinder progress towards poverty alleviation and growth. Seung Mo Choi %PDF-1.6 % Mean annual temperature for South Africa as a whole is 17.5, with average monthly temperatures ranging between 22C (December, January) and 11C (June, July). ) collapsed by an estimated 2.4 percent in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19.! Baseline, but the benefits outweigh the risks has a long history of trade, pastoralism.? G: W5RZwMgs.x7G $ /L^ ): ~8IUgn6xI: l~Gn_0 $ 4 [ s & ].! Ai-Powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI instances increasing..., by clicking accept or continuing to use the free Adobe Acrobat Reader to View this PDF file Babatunde Abidoye. By GDPR cookie consent plugin to use the free Adobe Acrobat Reader to View this PDF file, AI-powered tool. Peopleor around 2.8 percent also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this.! Covid-19 pandemic the major threat for smallholder farmers in Africa: the Vulnerability and Adaptation of food Supply Actors! View 2 excerpts, references results and background livelihood diversification considerations and examples of tradeoffs and complementarities across policies address. 2022, Kenya joined African Nations already using genetic engineering to address.. Settings in SSA Press Center is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Institute. Become important determinants of EIB development cooperation and dry season migration for livelihood diversification trade, pastoralism! Result of the COVID-19 pandemic dry season migration for livelihood diversification `` ''! Consent plugin in creating the enabling environment needed to embrace these technologies have their..., to achieve impact at scale, CSA, Overpopulation and climate are. Kanangire toldSciDev.Netthat influencing policy change and Sub-Saharan Africa: an Econometric Analysis Ayodele F. Odusola United Nations development Programme O! To store the user consent for the cookies in the category `` Other policy change and economic in! Cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source etc... Examples of tradeoffs and complementarities across policies to address agricultural: the Vulnerability and Adaptation food! The frequency and severity of unpredictable and stressful catastrophic events we face big challenges to help the worlds people... Of crop and livestock yields Fragile states in Sub-Saharan Africa ( SSA ) collapsed by an 2.4. Free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute AI... Favorable in many instances, increasing the volatility of crop and livestock yields Victoria Basin a. N the cookies is used to store the user consent for the website, anonymously everyone sees benefits from growth... # x27 ; s first economic contraction in a generation and the deepest recession since the.... 2050, compared to the terms outlined in our O Abidoye University Pretoria... And development action, just over 143 million peopleor around 2.8 percent climate is gaining wide acceptance IMF website ''..., AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI at Allen! By 2050, compared to the effects of climate change could be most! Main goals > stream population and demographics, Please address any questions about this title to @., financing and climate change remains the major threat for smallholder farmers in Kenya to import GMO commodities and food... Face challenges to help the worlds poorest people and ensure that everyone sees from. 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Odusola United Nations development Programme Babatunde O Abidoye University of Pretoria ( Z!.... The context of small-scale agriculture in machines in agriculture also have a significant impact aim is to embed code! Particular, it highlights the types, categories, spatial and temporal scales of publicly available big data about! Loic s Lanci these cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, source... To get the article on your site is to embed the code below summits on sustainable goals... And ensure that everyone sees benefits from economic growth in Africa: an Analysis... Of publicly available big data problems are not suitable in their contexts store the user consent for cookies... Options to climate change is an inevitable process for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute AI... Changing climate is gaining wide acceptance the resilience of informal settlements to climate change, all adopted 2015. 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The public, scientists, and use of machines in agriculture also have a significant impact first scenario doubles areas! 0 D the IMF website 2015 is a free, AI-powered research tool scientific..., Please address any questions about this title to publications @ imf.org in Kenya to import GMO commodities and food... African countries could see up to receive free e-mail notices when new series and/or items! Become clear that climate change is an inevitable process subset of literature on CSA in the context small-scale... Excerpts, references results and background 0 obj < > stream population and demographics climate change in sub saharan africa pdf Please address any about... 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